American author Pearl Buck was born June 26, 1892, in Hillsborough, West Virginia in the family of a scholar and missionary who translated the Bible from Greek into Chinese. Pearl Seidenstriker Buck is a name extraordinarily significant not only for American but also for twentieth-century world literature. She was the first woman writer to win the 1938 Nobel Prize in Literature for her "Chinese" trilogy.
P. Buck's childhood was spent in China, in Chinkiang, and she began speaking first in Chinese, then in English. Returning to the United States, she graduated from Cornell University and received a Master of Arts degree in literature (1926). A year later, arriving in China, Buck's family was caught in the maelstrom of the Civil War, evacuated to Shanghai and then to Japan. There Buck finished her second novel. "East Wind: West Wind" (1930) was the first work to open to the United States the unknown closed country, and opened her series of works on China. It was followed in 1931 by the novel «The good Earth», translated into nearly 30 languages, which has been screened, dramatized, and dramatized. Together with the novel «Sons» written in 1932, and «A house devided», written in 1935, it forms the Abode-Earth trilogy. The novel «The Mother», written in 1934, creates an image of a simple peasant woman endowed with a rare mental fortitude.
In 1938 Buck won the Nobel Prize for Literature "for her multifaceted, truly epic description of the lives of Chinese peasants and for her biographical masterpieces. In China, Pearl Buck is considered a Chinese writer. In addition to the Nobel Prize, she was awarded the William Dean Howells Medal by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and has had numerous humanitarian awards and an honorary degree from Yale University,
Pearl Buck played a notable role in the history of international adoption. In 1949, she established the world's first international adoption agency, Welcome House. Particular attention was given to the plight of Asian and half-breed orphans. She herself adopted several mixed-race children.
Polnikov Alexey , librarian of the Department of the International Book
